High-precision Indoor Positioning Systems - Challenges and Research Directions
Niki Trigoni, Independent Researcher, United Kingdom
Sensors and Machine-to-Machine Technologies for Smarter Cities
Mischa Dohler, King's College London, United Kingdom
Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Information Fusion – An Overview of the Triad Underlying Emerging Information Networks
Belur V. Dasarathy, Independent Researcher, United States
Wireless Sensor Networks for Home Health Care
John Stankovic, University of Virginia, United States
A Perspective of the Networks of the Future and Smart Cities
Luis M. Correia, IST/IT-Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal
High-precision Indoor Positioning Systems - Challenges and Research Directions
Niki Trigoni
Independent Researcher
United Kingdom
Brief Bio
Dr. Niki Trigoni is a University Lecturer at the Oxford University Department of Computer Science and a fellow of Kellogg College. She obtained her PhD at the University of Cambridge (2001), became a postdoctoral researcher at Cornell University (2002-2004), and a Lecturer at Birkbeck College (2004-2007). Since she moved to Oxford in 2007, she established the Sensor Networks Group, and has conducted research in communication, localization and in-network processing algorithms for sensor networks. Her recent and ongoing projects span a wide variety of sensor networks applications, including indoor/underground localization, wildlife sensing, road traffic monitoring, autonomous (aerial and ground) vehicles, and sensor networks for industrial processes. She has co-authored more than 60 peer-reviewed conference and journal papers, including publications at Sensys, IPSN, EWSN, Infocom, Mobihoc and ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks. In 2012, she edited (with Prof. Krishnamachari) a themed issue of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, which is a compilation of landmark papers from leading researchers in her field. She has also edited the Proceedings of the Third International Conference on GeoSensor Networks (2009). She served as the Tracking Session Chair at ACM Sensys 2012, Chair of the 3rd Intl. Conf. in GeoSensor Networks in 2009, and as co-Chair of the Workshop on Environmental Sensor Networks in 2007. She has reviewed a large number of papers for conferences and journals in the area of sensor networks, and grant proposals for EPSRC, NERC, NSF, Singapore Ministry of Education and the British Council.
Abstract
While GPS has become the de facto standard as an outdoor positioning infrastructure, researchers are still actively working on the problem of indoor positioning. This is an exciting area with many practical applications from indoor navigation to location-based advertising. In this talk, I will present three key problems that challenge the adoption and widespread use of indoor positioning systems. First, I will discuss the problem of non-line-of-sight signal propagation in cluttered indoor environments, and explain how it adversely affects the accuracy of range-based localisation techniques. I will report on two recent approaches to addressing this problem - an unsupervised approach, based on the theory of compressed sensing, and a supervised learning approach, based on exploring the features of the radio signal distribution. Second, I will explain the difficulty in positioning nodes in indoor spaces with sparse sensor infrastructure, and will demonstrate the merit of exploiting node encounters (wireless contacts) to improve location accuracy. Finally, I will talk about the challenge of positioning nodes in indoor spaces with dense sensor infrastructure, and will present a novel learning approach to assessing the accuracy of co-located positioning systems.
Sensors and Machine-to-Machine Technologies for Smarter Cities
Mischa Dohler
King's College London
United Kingdom
Brief Bio
Mischa Dohler is full Professor in Wireless Communications at King's College London, Head of the Centre for Telecommunications Research, co-founder and member of the Board of Directors of the smart city pioneer Worldsensing, Fellow and Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE, and Editor-in-Chief of the Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. He is a frequent keynote, panel and tutorial speaker. He has pioneered several research fields, contributed to numerous wireless broadband and IoT/M2M standards, holds a dozen patents, organized and chaired numerous conferences, has more than 200 publications, and authored several books. He has a citation h-index of 38 (top 1% in telecommunications). He acts as policy, technology and entrepreneurship adviser, examples being Richard Branson's Carbon War Room, the House of Lords UK, the EPSRC ICT Strategy Advisory Team, the European Commission, the ISO Smart City working group, and various start-ups. He is also an entrepreneur, angel investor, passionate pianist and fluent in 6 languages. He has talked at TEDx. He had coverage by national and international TV & radio; and his contributions have featured on BBC News and the Wall Street Journal.
Abstract
Urban living is commencing to take a central role in the direction humanity evolves. Today, more than 1 in 2 is living in urban environments with related efforts to facilitated viable living conditions becoming tremendous. Urged by these observations, city halls and political decision makers have become very alert, calling for urgent solutions to the growing problems. Quickly advancing ICT technologies may just be the answer, which has triggered global ICT players to have launched various smart city initiatives. This corroborates that suitable technologies are a cornerstone to a sustainable development of a city.
This is facilitated by means of smart services that use networked sensors and actuators deployed in the city, allowing the authorities to monitor the environment in real-time, to react immediately and just in time if needed and to establish automated control processes with less or even without human intervention. These services, on the other hand, rely heavily on appropriate technologies, be they in the field or in the cloud.
This keynote thus focuses on the wireless sensor and machine-to-machine ICT technologies, allowing for Smart City rollouts, deployments and growth. Part of the gamut of technologies have been researched and developed for years already, others are new. However, their composition and application in the area of smart cities is unprecedented and accounts for the tremendous upsurge in work in this area, which is mainly attributed to the unique timing between the undeniable need for making cities more efficient, and an enormous set of ICT technologies having become available and affordable. This keynote will also discuss some of the most burning issues which remain to be tackled, pertaining to technologies, their integration and interaction, architectures, applications, services, privacy, to name a few.
Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Information Fusion – An Overview of the Triad Underlying Emerging Information Networks
Belur V. Dasarathy
Independent Researcher
United States
Brief Bio
Dr. Belur V. Dasarathy, an IEEE Fellow, is an independent consultant offering services to commercial and government clients in the design and development of automated intelligent decision systems arising in a variety of applications. His expertise includes guidance, teaching, research and development (R&D) and R&D management in the areas of intelligent decision systems, learning systems, multi-sensor multi-source information fusion, knowledge discovery through pattern recognition and data mining, image analysis and other related topics. His prior professional full-time affiliations have included Dynetics, Inc., Intergraph Corp., Computer Sciences Corp., Indian Institute of Science, Southern Methodist University, as well as adjunct positions at University of Alabama in Huntsville.He is the founding Editor-in-chief of the International Journal on Information Fusion published by Elsevier Science, the very first journal dedicated to this evolving field. He has offered short courses in the information fusion arena under SPIE and other conference sponsorships as well as under individual company/ University/ Organization sponsored on-site programs.Dr. Dasarathy has over 180 open literature publications with him as primary author in majority of these publications. He is the author of three IEEE Computer Society Press books: Decision Fusion, Nearest Neighbor (NN) Norms: NN Pattern Classification Techniques, and Image Data Compression: Block Truncation Coding. He has also contributed chapters/sections to other books, including one in the handbook on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (Oxford University Press, 2002). His publications have been cited in the literature in over 400 studies.He has been an invited speaker at many national and international conferences over the past decade such as 2nd Intl Conference on Sensor Networks (SENSORNETS 2013), Spain;3rd International Conference on Pervasive and Embedded Computing and Communication Systems (PECCS 2013), Spain; 6th International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing 2012, Italy; 16th Annual KES Conference, 2012 Spain; IDGA 9th Annual Image Fusion Summit, 2010, USA; 2008 International Conference on Aerospace Science and Technology, India; 2008 Indo-US Workshop on Regional Air Transportation, India; 2nd International Conference on Information Security and Assurance, 2008, Korea; Future Generation Communication and Networking, 2007 Korea; 2006 IDGA Conference on Night Vision Systems, Washington, DC; 2006 IEEE Intl Conf on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems, Germany; 2006 Biologically Inspired Information Fusion, UK; ISSNIP ’04 Australia; International Conference on Human-Machine Interface 2004, India; IEEE International Conference on Computational Cybernetics ICCC’04 Austria; The 11th International Conference on Advanced Robotics, ICAR Portugal; International Workshop on Information Fusion 2002, China; IX Spanish Symposium on Pattern Recognition and Image Processing 2001, Spain; IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2000, India; International Conference on Applications of Pattern Recognition 1998, England.Dr. Dasarathy was honored as the IEEE Huntsville Section Outstanding Engineer 1996, IEEE Region 3 Outstanding Engineer for 1997 and a recipient of the IEEE Third Millennium Medal. He was one of the founding members of the board of directors of the International Society on Information Fusion (ISIF) and served on it for three years. He was the guest editor of Optical Engineering for three special sections on Sensor Fusion. From 1997 to 2009, he has been the organizer & chairman of two annual SPIE Conferences on multi-sensor, multi-source information fusion and data mining, intrusion detection & network security. He was the publicity chair for the International conferences on Information Fusion - Fusion 1998, Fusion 1999, Fusion 2001, a member of the executive committee of Fusion 2000, and is a member of the International Program committee for Fusion 2003. He has organized and chaired special sessions on Information Fusion and Data Mining at other conferences including IEEE Decision and Control 1998, International Joint Conference on Neural Networks 1999, IGARSS 2000, IECON-2000. He has been a member of the Scientific Committee for the annual workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems since 2000 including the one to be held in 2003. He was also the technical vice-chair for Autotestcon 2002.His biographical citations include: International Who's Who in Information Technology, 1999; "The Official Registry of the Who' Who of American Business Leaders," 1991; ; "Who's Who in the South and Southwest," 22nd Edition, 1991; Who's Who in Technology Today," Dick Publishing 5th Edition, "Personalities of the South," American Biographical Institute, 1986; "WHO' WHO" in Computer Graphics," Marquis, 1984, etc.
Abstract
The objective of this keynote address is to bring to focus the positive role information fusion can play in the context of applications involving sensor networks, and ubiquitous computing. The presentation will begin with a brief introduction to each of the three topics: sensor networks, ubiquitous computing, and information fusion. This will include a brief overview of sensor network characteristics, its taxonomy, and performance metrics. This is followed by an overview of the elements of human-computer interaction (HCI) that are essential to ubiquitous computing. The similarities as well as contrasting, but complementary, capabilities of the man and machine will be reviewed. Next an overview of information fusion is presented to show how it can aid the objectives of the sensor networks with pervasive and embedded computing capabilities. Towards this end, a global, flexible Information fusion architecture model, which can maximize the overall opportunity for synergistic exploitation of the potentials of sensor network and ubiquitous computing, will be presented and discussed in greater detail.
Wireless Sensor Networks for Home Health Care
John Stankovic
University of Virginia
United States
Brief Bio
Professor John A. Stankovic is the BP America Professor in the Computer Science Department at the University of Virginia. He served as Chair of the department, completing two terms (8 years). He is a Fellow of both the IEEE and the ACM. He won the IEEE Real-Time Systems Technical Committee's Award for Outstanding Technical Contributions and Leadership. He also won the IEEE Distributed Processing Technical Committee’s Award for Distinguished Achievement (inaugural winner). He has won five best paper awards in wireless sensor networks research. He is highly cited (h-index is 92) and presented many Invited Keynotes and Distinguished Lectures. Professor Stankovic also served on the Board of Directors of the Computer Research Association for 9 years. Currently, he serves on the National Academy’s Computer Science and Telecommunications Board. Recently, he won the University of Virginia, School of Engineering Distinguished Faculty Award. Before joining the University of Virginia, Professor Stankovic taught at the University of Massachusetts where he won an outstanding scholar award. He was the Editor-in-Chief for the IEEE Transactions on Distributed and Parallel Systems and was a founder and co-editor-in-chief for the Real-Time Systems Journal. His research interests are in wireless sensor networks, cyber physical systems, distributed computing, and real-time systems. Prof. Stankovic received his PhD from Brown University.
Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) composed of large numbers of small devices can be used for a wide variety of applications. In particular, these systems can be used to improve the quality of health care, be applied in the home or in large-scale assisted living facilities, and significantly contribute to longitudinal studies. After briefly describing a vision and architecture for such systems, I will present several applications of this technology, including human depression detection, support for dementia patients with incontinence, and learning the relationship between stress and epilepsy seizures. I will then present results on some of our recent research work regarding the underlying technology to achieve these applications, including: robust activity detection, semantic anomaly detection, sleep monitoring, and privacy. Open research questions will be mentioned throughout the talk.
A Perspective of the Networks of the Future and Smart Cities
Luis M. Correia
IST/IT-Technical University of Lisbon
Portugal
Brief Bio
Luis M. Correia was born in Portugal, on 1958. He received the Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from IST (Technical University of Lisbon) in 1991, where he is currently a Professor in Telecommunications, with his work focused in Wireless/Mobile Communications in the areas of propagation, channel characterisation, radio networks, traffic, and applications, with the research activities developed in the INOV-INESC institute. He has acted as a consultant for Portuguese mobile communications operators and the telecommunications regulator, besides other public and private entities. Besides being responsible for research projects at the national level, he has been active in various ones within the European frameworks of RACE, ACTS, IST, ICT and COST (where he also served as evaluator and auditor), having coordinated two COST projects, and taken leadership responsibilities at various levels in many others. He has supervised more than 150 M.Sc. and Ph.D. students, having authored more than 350 papers in international and national journals and conferences, for which he has served also as a reviewer, editor, and board member, and edited 6 books. He was part of the COST Domain Committee on ICT. He was the Chairman of the Technical Programme Committee of several major conferences, and is part of several Steering Boards. He is part of the Expert Advisory Group and of the Steering Board of the European Net!Works platform, and was the Chairman of its Working Group on Applications.
Abstract
A parallel in the evolution between mobile and wireless communications and other areas (computers and cars) will be presented, in an attempt to identify possible directions for systems future evolution. A look into already existing technologies will enable to establish a perspective for future user interface devices and services (e.g., information access, Internet of Things, and geo-location). Then, potential services are identified, after which research challenges for mobile and wireless communications networks are addressed (e.g., network virtualisation, cloud networking, and networks of information). Smart Cities are taken as an integration example, as well as a perspective of application to other key sectors (e.g., health, transport, and energy). The link with other areas, and impact on regulation, standardisation, and policy matters are presented at the end.